Natural rutile sand is a relatively pure natural TiO2 mineral, typically containing over 95% TiO2. It is an important mineral raw material for titanium extraction, but its reserves in the earth's crust are relatively small. It exhibits excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength, and low specific gravity. Currently, global reserves of natural rutile are gradually depleting, and production is declining year by year. It belongs to the tetragonal crystal system and often forms well-preserved tetragonal columnar or needle-like crystals, with aggregates presenting as granular or dense blocky structures. It is dark red, brownish red, yellow, or orange-yellow, and appears black in the presence of high iron content; its streak is yellow to light brown. It has a diamond-like luster, while ilmenite exhibits a semi-metallic luster. It is brittle, with a hardness of 6 to 6.5 and a density of 4.2 to 4.3 g/cm3. Main applications include: manufacturing high-grade welding electrodes, welding flux, and auxiliary materials such as flux-cored welding wires; producing titanium dioxide and titanium tetrachloride; smelting titanium metal and titanium alloys; and manufacturing photocatalytic products.